Greetings

礼貌用语 (expresii de politeţe)

会话 (dialog)
甲：你好！
乙：你好！
甲：谢谢！
乙：不客气!
甲：对不起!
乙：没关系!
甲：再见!
乙：再见！
甲：明天见！
乙：明天见！

句型练习 (Exerciţii de substituţie)
1．
甲：你好! 早上 中午zhōngwǔ 晚上
乙：你好! 早上 中午zhōngwǔ 晚上
2．
甲：谢谢！ 多谢 麻烦您了
乙：不客气！ 不用谢 没关系
3．
甲：对不起！ 抱歉 真不好意思
乙：没关系！ 别客气 没什么
4．
甲：再见！
乙：再见！


Cuvinte noi
礼貌 lǐmào politeţe
用 yòng a folosi
语 yǔ limbă
用语 yòngyǔ expresie
对 duì către, faţă de
话 huà vorbă
对话 duìhuà dialog
中午 zhōngwǔ prînz
多 duō mult
麻烦 máfan deranj; povară
没 méi negaţie (de obicei, a unei acţiuni trecute)
关系 guānxì legătură
没关系 méiguānxi Nu face nimic!
抱歉 bàoqiàn a regreta
真 zhēn adevărat
别 bié nu (folosit pentru o negaţie imperativă)
回 huí a răspunde; a se întoarce
头 tóu cap
回头见 huítóujiàn Pe curînd!
拜拜 bàibai Bye-bye!

Get By In Chinese_01

Dialogue 1
A: 你好。对不起，天安门在哪儿？
B: 天安门往北走就到了。
A: 谢谢你。天安门远吗？
B: 不远。
A: 谢谢。
Dialogue 2
A: 先生，先生！
B: 您好！
A: 你好。可以看看这个茶壶吗？
B: 这个吗？
A: 不，不要这个。可以看看那个茶壶吗？
B: 啊。对不起。这个吗？
A: 这个很好。多少钱？
B: 这个。。。五块六毛钱！
A: 好的。我还要看看茶杯。。。有吗？
B: 有的。等一下儿。。。你看看这个吧！
A: 这个茶杯很好。多少钱？
B: 这个。。。这个， 三块五。
A: 好。一共多少钱？
B: 九块一毛钱。对不起。。。外汇不行。请你给我人民币。。。谢谢你。
Dialogue 3
A : 先生，对不起， 友谊商店在哪儿？
B: 往南走，就到了。
A: 远吗？
B: 很远。四十分钟。
A: 噢，去友谊商店坐那一路公共汽车？
B: 一路。。。还有四路。
A: 一路，四路。谢谢。公共汽车站在哪儿？
B: 你看，就在这儿。
Notes:
在be present, be located at
天安门在哪儿？
在哪儿买票？
A: 你家在哪儿？
B: 我家在上海。
Asking on the phone is someone is in: 老王在吗？
Answer: 老王不在。
不谢，不客气/别客气 – Don’t thank me!
Chinese Money
一元, but in spoken Chinese 一块 is the word used.
一分, but in spoken Chinese 一角 is the word used.
一毛钱
1元 = 10分 = 100毛
The expression 五块钱 is oftentimes reduced to 五块, 钱 can be omitted in this context.
By omitting 钱, and 毛 (which is understood), 五块六毛钱 can again be reduced to 五块六. To express the numeral 2, we do not use 二, but 两.
Quite often we can hear the Chinese double a verb according to the following pattern:
verb + 一 + verb. Examples: 看一看 (have a look!)，试一试 (Have a try!)，尝一尝 (Takea bit and taste!)，等一等 (Wait a sec!). We also here the verbs without 一 between them: 看看，等等，尝尝，试试. The second verb is usually pronounced with a neutral tone.

If you want to learn Chinese online, you have come to the right place. I teach Chinese via English, Romanian, German, or Hungarian. You choose. If I have whetted your appetite, email me at: limba.chineza@yahoo.com

Yours truly,

Mircea

Romanian Intermediate_02

Decedat după o fractură de tibie

Azi am citit o ştire şocantă care face referire la ceva tipic românesc. Un tînăr de 17 ani a fost accidentat pe zebră în timp ce semaforul arăta culoarea roşie. Odată ajuns la spital, adolescentul a fost supus unei intervenţii chirugicale pentru o fractură de tibie. După operaţie, starea băiatului s-a înrăutăţit, medicii spunîndu-le părinţilor că este normal ca pacientul să acuze dureri de cap şi la nivelul operaţiei. După cîteva ore, tînărul a decedat în condiţii suspecte. Oamenii spun că sistemul sanitar este la pămînt, fiind ros în interior de cazuri crase de corupţie şi de malpraxis. Medicii şi toate celelalte cadre consideră că se cuvine să primească şpagă pentru a acorda un minim de atenţie pacientului. Dacă un medic sau cadru medical comite o greşeală care duce la rănirea sau chiar moartea vreunui pacient, medicii sînt aproape imuni în faţa legii, tagma medicală protejîndu-şi cadrele indiferent dacă acestea merită sau nu să fie deferite justiţie şi pedepsite.

Vocabulary

şocantă – shocking
face referire la – refers to
zebra – zebra crossing
semaforul – traffic lights
stare băiatul s-a înrăutăţit – the boy’s condition got worse
a acuza dureri de cap – to say one has terrible headaches
a decedat în condiţii suspecte – died under suspicious circumstances
sistemul sanitar – healthcare system
ros (a roade) – to chew, to gnaw
cras – scandalous
se cuvine să – it is in order to
să primească (a primi) şpagă – to receive bribe
a acorda atenţie – to pay attention
a comite o greşeală – make a mistake
imuni în faţa legii – untouchable by the law
tagma medicală – the medical world
a deferi justiţiei – to bring to justice

If you also want to learn Chinese online, you have come to the right place. I teach Chinese via English, Romanian, German, or Hungarian. You choose. If I have whetted your appetite, email me at: limba.chineza@yahoo.com

Yours truly,

Mircea

Why study Chinese?

What you might already know
1. China is one of the world’s oldest and richest continuous cultures, over 5000 years old.
2. China is the most populous nation in the world, with 1.28 billion people.
3. Mandarin Chinese is spoken by 873 million speakers, making it the most widely spoken first language in the world. One fifth of the planet speaks Chinese.
4. In addition to the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan, Mandarin Chinese is also spoken in the important and influential Chinese communities of Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, the Philippines, and Mongolia.
5. China has now become the second largest economy in the world.
6. China is one of largest trading partners of the European Union and other developed countries outside the European Union.
7. Many companies do business in China and have long-term investments there.

Things to consider

The study of the Chinese language opens the way to different important fields such as Chinese politics, economy, history or archaeology. But to study Chinese finally means to study a culture, a people. At the heart of Chinese civilization is its rich heritage of novels, short stories, poetry, drama, and, more recently, film. They reflect the values, the struggles, the sensibility, the joys and the sorrows of this great people and often offer insights even into the most intimate feelings of people in the past or into high-level Beijing politics at he present that cannot be found anywhere else. These works help you understand what is behind the language, what makes it powerful, and how it actually functions in Chinese society. To be at ease and effective in a Chinese environment learning the language is half the battle, but knowing about the culture behind the language is the other.

Some surprising facts

Chinese has a relatively uncomplicated grammar. Unlike French, German or English, Chinese has no verb conjugation (i.e., tense inflection) and no noun declension (e.g., gender and number distinctions). For example, while someone learning English has to memorize different verb forms of “see/saw/seen,” all you need to do in Chinese is just to remember one word: kan. While in English you have to distinguish between “cat” and “cats,” in Chinese there is only one form: mao.
The basic word order of Chinese is subject — verb — object, exactly as in English. A large number of the key terms of Mandarin Chinese (such as the terms for state, health, science, party, inflation, and even literature) have been formed as translations of English concepts. You are entering a different culture, but the content of many of the modern key concepts is familiar.

Remember these two facts:

1. Currently Mandarin Chinese is spoken by over 1 billion people around the world, about one fifth of the global population;
2. Each year more and more students around the world whose mother tongue is not Mandarin are studying it with enthusiasm and success. If they all can learn it, so can you!

The study of Chinese literature and culture will help you bridge the cultural gap, better understand your Chinese counterparts, and create a platform of knowledge and understanding with them that is crucial for effective communication.

Chinese is important for your career!

1. International businesses prefer to hire people who speak more than one language. China has become a huge market, and business leaders are looking for people who can speak Chinese and operate successfully in a Chinese cultural context.
2. Knowing Chinese may give you an edge when competing for an important position.
3. China will play a major role in world affairs in the future. As China now has opened up to the West, there are opportunities for employment in all areas.